Breast Cancer Essay Example for Free

Bosom Cancer Essay Cristian Davalos second Period There are a wide range of kinds of bosom malignant growth. For instance, bosom disease can start in various regions of the bosom like the conduits, the lobules, or now and again, the tissue in the middle. In this exposition I will clarify the various sorts of bosom malignancy. I will likewise discuss the indications numerous ladies have when they get bosom malignant growth. At that point I will clarify the medicines for bosom malignant growth, and the elective medicines. As a matter of first importance, there are two principle kinds of bosom malignancy intrusive, and non-obtrusive, which implies if the disease is just in your bosom or spreading out to other body parts. The main sort is Ductal Carcinoma which is a non-intrusive bosom malignant growth where irregular cells have been contained in the coating of the bosom milk conduit. The subsequent kind is Invasive Ductal Carcinoma which implies that irregular cells that began in the coating of the bosom milk channel have attacked encompassing tissue. The third sort is Triple Negative Breast malignancy which implies that the cells in the tumor are negative for progesterone, estrogen, and HER2/neu receptors. The fourth kind is Inflammatory Breast Cancer which is a less normal type of bosom malignant growth that may not build up a tumor and frequently influences the skin. The fifth sort is Metastatic Breast Cancer which is malignant growth that has spread past the bosom, now and again into the lungs, bones, or cerebrum. The 6th sort is bosom disease during pregnancy; ladies who are determined to have bosom malignancy during pregnancy may confront enormous extra strain because of worry for the security of the unborn kid. There are likewise different sorts that are less normal which incorporate Medullary Carcinoma, Tubular Carcinoma, and Mucinous Carcinoma. Next, the side effects ladies get before the really get bosom malignancy. A few ladies may get a protuberance in the bosom or underarm that continues after your menstrual cycle. This is typically the primary clear indication of bosom disease. Most all protuberances related with bosom malignant growth are normally easy, however sometimes it might create a thorny uproar. Another indication is expanding in the armpit, agony or delicacy in the bosom. Likewise any adjustment in the size, form, surface, or temperature of the bosom, a ruddy, pitted surface like the skin of an orange could be an indication of cutting edge bosom malignancy. At times an adjustment in the areola, for example, an areola withdrawal, dimpling, tingling, a consuming sensation, or ulceration, or a textured rash of the bosom might be related with a basic bosom malignancy. At last, the medicines of bosom malignant growth have two significant objectives, which are to freed the body of the disease as totally as could reasonably be expected, and to keep malignancy from returning. One treatment is Chemotherapy which uses medications to murder malignant growth cells. Another sort is Hormone treatment, for example, tamoxifen in premenopausal and postmenopausal ladies and the aromatase inhibitors arimidex, aromasin, and femara in postmenopausal ladies. Hormone treatment utilizes medications to forestall hormones, particularly estrogen, from advancing the development of bosom malignant growth cells that may stay after bosom disease medical procedure. Likewise, another treatment is organic treatment, for example, Herceptin, Perjeta, or Tykerb, which work by utilizing the bodys safe framework to crush malignancy cells. These medications target bosom malignancy cells that have significant levels of a protein called HER2. Elective sorts of bosom malignant growth medicines are lumpectomy medical procedure to evacuate a tumor and a modest quantity of ordinary tissue around it. Likewise another elective treatment is incomplete mastectomy medical procedure which is to expel the piece of the bosom that has malignancy and some typical tissue around it. The covering over the chest muscles underneath the malignant growth may likewise be expelled. This method is likewise called a segmental mastectomy. Another treatment is complete mastectomy, is medical procedure to expel the entire bosom that has disease. This system is additionally called a straightforward mastectomy. The last elective treatment is changed radical mastectomy medical procedure which is to expel the entire bosom that has malignant growth, a considerable lot of the lymph hubs under the arm, the covering over the chest muscles, and now and again, some portion of the chest divider muscles. Taking everything into account, as you may see there are numerous kinds of bosom disease and furthermore a mess of medicines, just as elective medicines. References http://www. breastcancer. organization/manifestations/types http://www. mayoclinic. com/wellbeing/bosom malignant growth/HQ00348 http://www. nationalbreastcancer. organization/sorts of-bosom malignancy http://www. webmd. com/bosom disease/direct/bosom malignant growth treatment http://www. malignant growth. gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/bosom/Patient/page5

Saint Patrick

Holy person Patrick was conceived in Kilpatrick, Scotland, in the year 387. His folks are Calphurnius and Conchessa. At the point when Patrick was sixteen, he was taken away into bondage by Irish pirates and was sold as a captive to a chieftan named Milchu in Dalriada. In Dalriada, he tended his master’s rushes in the valley of the Braid and on the inclines of Slemish. At the point when he was tilling the ground, he obtained an ideal information on the Celtic tongue. His lord was a druidical esteemed minister, in which allowed Patrick a chance to get comfortable with all the subtleties of Druidism from whose servitude he was bound to free the Irish race. Cautioned by a holy messenger following six years, he fled from his pitiless ace and twisted his means toward the west. He made a trip around 200 miles to Westport. He found a boat prepared to cruise and after certain rebukes was permitted ready. In a couple of days he showed up in Britain, however now his heart was determined to committing himself to the administration of God in the holy service. In the wake of meandering in thick woods for twenty-eight days they were found by others and in the end Patrick made it home to his family. He stayed with them for a couple of years, and afterward chose to seek after the organization in answer to dreams he had about coming back to Ireland. Following various years, while he was on a short visit to the landmass, likely Gaul, his name was proposed to lead a minister undertaking to Ireland. He set out around the year 432 as a cleric, and went to the base camp of the Ulaid in Emain Macha, and there built up his first church at what is currently Armagh. From that point he voyaged prevalently in the north and west and made numerous proselytes, and prepared numerous clerics. After some time, his uprightness was addressed, bringing about a request on account of the British religious administrators, however he was along these lines vindicated. As the Ulaid were pushed out of an increasingly more area, Patrick moved with them to spend his last days in Down, from which he composed his Confession. He passed on March 17, 461, in Downpatrick, Ireland. Kilpatrick still holds numerous commemorations of Saint Patrick. His dining experience day, St. Patrick’s Day, is March 17, or the day he kicked the bucket.

Analysis of Employee Satisfaction-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Compose an Essay on Employee Satisfaction. Answer: Presentation As human capital or individuals are an associations most significant resource, associations should build all workers work fulfillment to expand efficiency. I concur with the announcement and it will be additionally clarified in detail in the exposition. The human capital or the workers of the association are a significant piece of the activities. The workers are viewed as the benefits of the organization and the fulfillment of the representatives is significant for expanding efficiency and gainfulness of the associations. The administration of the association needs to find a way to expand the degrees of fulfillment of the representatives with the goal that their profitability can increment. The expansion in the efficiency of the workers will additionally build the benefit of the association (Alegre, Mas-Machuca Berbegal-Mirabent, 2016). The chiefs play a significant during the time spent expanding the fulfillment levels of the representatives in the association. Conversation identified with the methods for expanding fulfillment of representatives The supervisors of the associations assume a critical job in the giving inspiration and expanding work fulfillment of the representatives. The degrees of occupation fulfillment and the commitment of workers in the association are significant variables that can prompt the expansion of profitability. The directors can attempt numerous approaches to help the fulfillment levels of representatives and increment staff maintenance in the association. The organizations consistently need to put the representatives first as they hold elevated levels of importance in giving fulfillment to the clients. The associations need to comprehend that the glad workers will at last lead to cheerful clients which will additionally expand the incomes (Coetzee Stoltz, 2015). The various ways by which the representative fulfillment levels can be expanded are as talked about further. The treatment gave to the representatives at the various degrees of the association should be aware in nature. The advantages and the remuneration that are given to the representatives are not in every case enough to build their inspiration levels. The regard that is given to them by the administrators assumes a critical job in expanding the inspiration levels. The effect of poor treatment gave to the representatives can prompt the expansion in their disappointment levels and it can cause an increment in the worker turnover of the organization. The degrees of trust between the representatives and the upper administration affects the inspiration of the workers. The administration needs to offer help to the representatives with the goal that a profitable workforce can be framed. The connections between the workers which need trust can put the representatives on the edge. The earth of the association additionally gets unpleasant in nature and channels the vitality of the workers. The administrators need to manufacture the associations with the workers in such a manner in this way, that the degrees of trust are high and the unfavorable circumstances in the association can be maintained a strategic distance from. The development pace of the workers can likewise increment because of the significant levels of trust among the representatives and the upper administration. The quick directors of the workers likewise assume a significant job in giving inspiration with respect to the different authoritative procedures. The bosses or the administrators need to make a solid bond with the representatives so they can pick up their trust. This aides in making a sheltered workplace for the representatives in the association. The creative thoughts in the associations are produced effectively if nature is sheltered (Du Preez Bendixen, 2015). The directors can have conversations with the representatives on an occasional premise so they can energize them about the imaginative thoughts, challenges and the accomplishments in the association. The exhibition the board frameworks of the associations assume a significant job in the inspiration procedure of the representatives. The affirmation, remuneration and the acknowledgment that are given to the workers by the chiefs help in expanding the inspiration levels. The representatives become progressively beneficial and occupied with the work procedure of the association if the chiefs feature their qualities and spur them (Edmans Zhang, 2014). Representative inspiration represents a significant test to the administration of the association. The workplaces of the organizations need to put accentuation on the fulfillment of representatives and it ought to be treated as a significant piece of their whole business technique. The endeavors of the administrators won't be bolstered consummately except if the representatives working under their managements are spurred towards their occupations. The steady working environments can likewise give difficulties to the chiefs in regards to their objectives and the ways by which they can empower the representative inspiration (Elnaga Imran, 2014). The every day moves that are made by the administration of the organizations help expanding the degrees of inspiration. The activities taken by the administration can in this way help in improving the workplace of the representatives. The most significant contemplations identified with worker inspiration are, benefits, employer stability, pay or pay and the security identified with the workplace. The administrators can attempt numerous activities to make a workplace for the representatives which will empower them and further increment profitability (Men 2014). The correspondence procedure in the association is a significant factor that influences their inspiration levels and employment fulfillment. The workers consistently need to be locked in and proficient about the different procedures that are going on inside the association (Huang Rundle-Thiele, 2014). They are constantly keen on the data that is important to finish their occupations. The workers consistently require enough meas ures of data so appropriate choices can be made by them. The bosses can hold day by day gatherings with the representatives and give them data that is significant for their work procedure. The input gave by the clients, the progressions that have happened in the due dates, the open doors identified with preparing and the updates related new offices can be given in the gatherings. The chiefs need to fare thee well and speak with those workers who are the most influenced by the progressions that have occurred all the while. The representatives should make certain about the progressions that have occurred in the association. The correspondence of the bosses with the workers should happen consistently so a relationship of trust is made between them. The correspondence and the collaboration that happens between the administrators and the representatives can give them significant levels of fulfillment (Hur, Moon Jung, 2015). The procedure of correspondence in the association ought to be straightforward and open in nature and gatherings ought to be hung on an occasional premise. The association needs to actualize an open entryway arrangement for the representatives so they can share their thoughts and give contributions to the work procedure. The supervisors need to comprehend the different issues of the workers and take endeavors to understand them. The association can rouse the workers by furnishing them with chances to build up their own capacities and aptitudes. The representatives are fulfilled on the off chance that they can additionally build their insight while working for the associations. The intuitive occasions, gatherings and exercises held in the association can expand the fulfillment levels of the representatives (Jain Kaur, 2014). The worker fulfillment can be expanded likewise by furnishing them with chances to get broadly educating about the various duties and jobs that they play in an association. The administrators can likewise expand the degrees of fulfillment by giving more duties higher occupation jobs to the representatives. The additional duties that are appointed to the workers can assist them with growing in the association and further increment their profitability. The thoughts that are given by representatives should be fused by the associations with the goal that they can comprehend their significance in the association. The representatives should be furnished with more chances so they can exceed expectations in their fields (Leder et al., 2016). The managers can appoint the representatives with high presents related on driving groups or tasks. This will spur them to engage in the authoritative procedures and further increment the degrees of fulfillment. The chiefs need to invest more energy with the workers and attempt to comprehend their issues. The consideration gave by the supervisors will build the activity fulfillment of the workers. The protests and the worries of the representatives should be tended to by the directors so the disappointment levels of the representatives don't increment and further it doesn't influence the work environment (Lottrup et al., 2015). The ways by which the protests of the workers are tended to by the administration of the association is significant in choosing the fulfillment levels. The administration ought to consistently be open for the workers and the worries, issues and the thoughts of the representatives must contact them absent a lot of deferral. End The paper can be finished up by expressing that the workers assume the most significant job in expanding the efficiency and the incomes of the association. The administration in this way needs to guarantee that they take most extreme consideration about the fulfillment of the workers. The high fulfillment of representatives will guarantee high profitability and the clients of the association will likewise be glad simultaneously. The significant duty of the organizations is along these lines to expand the inspiration and fulfillment levels of the representatives. This will help the association in expanding the incomes and improve worker maintenance. The maintenance of representatives likewise holds significance as the enrollment procedure is identified with tremendous expenses for the association. The workers are th

Social Policy is a Pluralistic Process. - 973 Words

Introduction This assignment deals with the significance involvement of the pluralistic process in making of social policy. The essay is divided into four main sections. It will first define the key terms as: social policy, pluralism, welfare; and describe the role of the social policy, pluralism, but also to make connection between this terms and their ideology. It will then go on to consider how social policy gets made; it can assess the extent to which different ideas actually become social policy. The different models will help to judge the relative influence of different groups with their different ideas. The third part compares the early social policy with the contemporary social policy and the pluralism with the other ‘Power Models’ of democracy in practice. Finally, some conclusions will be drawn as to sum up the main points of the essay presented and toke a particular position to express some of my opinions. Main Body First of all ‘social policy entails the study of the social relations necessary for human wellbeing and the systems by which wellbeing may be promoted’ (Dean, 2006: 1). A more explicit description is that social policy is a policy that deals with various social issues. Such issues may involve cultures, discrimination against race and gender and diseases that are stigmatized among many others. Next the term ‘pluralism’ is basically the distribution of power in society; itShow MoreRelatedSocial And Natural Resource Issues765 Words   |  4 PagesFor this week’s forum, I hold the view of a normative pluralistic which relates the environmental and natural resource issue of irreversible changes caused by negative consequences for a healthy planet. Normative pluralism is considered not to be as radical as the belief of a fundamentalist pluralist. Formally, a normative pluralist assumes that there is a plurality of bearers of value (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2011). The irreversible changes caused by negative consequences for a healthyRead MoreCall to Renewal Address: Barack Obama1246 Words   |  5 Pageshis speech, Obama recommends a middle ground between these two views, in which â€Å"the religiously motivated translate their concerns into universal, rather than religion-specific, values† (7), as the only way to connect religion and politics in a â€Å"pluralistic democracy† (7). This attempt, motivated in part by the role of religion in his own upbringing, is his way to â€Å"bridge the gaps that exist and overcome the prejudices each of us bring† to debates in which â€Å"faith [is] used as a tool of attack, †¦ toRead MoreInternational Research Symposium Accounting Information System1494 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch needs to start by involving pluralistic visions of reality as a foundation for design , implementation and evaluation of systems and their outputs. 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When investors find a place that theyRead MoreGender Relations During The Iranian Revolution1664 Words   |  7 Pages The subject of gender relations in Iran has been a contentious social issue and has become more controversial since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Mainstream news outlets such as CNN and BBC have reported that the â€Å"Islamization† that followed the Islamic Republic has led to a reversal of women’s rights in Iran (Nia 2010; BBC 2009). The policies pursued by the Islamic Republic have, however, â€Å"facilitated education, mobilization, and parti cipation† for many women within the context of the countryRead MoreLimits of Policy-Making1952 Words   |  8 Pagessociety, policy makers face many limitations in the policy-making process. The biggest limitation to date is the ever-increasing pluralistic values inherent in society. A pluralistic approach can be defined as â€Å"different groups†¦ in society are divided by ideology, economic and cultural factors; all seeking to have their interests reflected in public policy†1 These competing interests from such groups as politicians, interest groups and the media play a big role in the outcomes of policy making.Read MoreWebers Theory on Social Stratification Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesWebers Theory on Social Stratification Webers theory of a society is based in three main factors: class, status, and power. Material is an economic order formed by unequal distribution of material things. Classes are formed according to skill to produce and ability to buy in the market. Any person can belong to any class regardless of color, race, or religion. In short it can be said that people with the most are at the top of the economic order and people with the least areRead MorePolitical Stability1116 Words   |  5 Pagesfeeling of people towards political system. The dismemberment of East Pakistan and present situation in Sindh and balochistan is occurring due to the identity crisis. Identity crisis mostly occurs in pluralistic societies in the form of ethnic, language and religious differences. Pakistan is also a pluralistic society thats why politically instability becomes more serious in Pakistan and the role of our leaders becomes more important than any other factor. In Pakistan there is also a problem of dysfunctionRead MoreThe Psychology Behind The Paul O Neal Shooting Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesbe considered as solely driven by escaping the aversive stimuli. Furthermore, some of the very stimuli that O’Neal sought to escape from, specifically the shots being fired, came together through what can be described as a collective byproduct of social influence. The ABC7 article (2016) describes how the chain reaction of shots came to be: â€Å"The officer who fired the fatal shots thought O Neal had fired on the officers who were first on the scene. O Neal was unarmed. The shots that officer andRead MoreHealth Care Reform Debate the Pluralistic Prespective1049 Words   |  5 PagesAna Sakalis SOC 335 Prof. K. Bentele February 24, 2012 Health Care Reform Debate The Pluralistic Perspective In this paper I will explain how the portion of the health care debate I chose would be classified under this pluralist framework of government. First I will explain the definition of the pluralist view of how government is structured. Then I will explain a bit of what portion of the healthcare reform under president Obama’s administration I chose to write about and in conclusion

Critical Analysis Of Victor Frankenstein - 1701 Words

A classic and massive success of the romantic era, Frankenstein took the world by storm. Written by a female author and containing elements of an anti-hero and a conflicted protagonist, it was a strong novel for its genre and new to many readers. While it may have been the theme for the gothic period, this book was definitely outstanding from the rest. Seeing that its main character, Victor Frankenstein, goes through many stages of his life and changes over time, we can assume that his counterpart, the monster itself, does the same. But there was always a question of who the real monster is, and that becomes a controversy. Both characters have elements of an antagonist, but for the most part, readers are persuaded to lean towards Victor’s†¦show more content†¦This poses another question when comparing Victor and his monster. Do we base â€Å"monstrosity† from appearance or actions? And if actions, since once created another, whose actions would it really be? In the end, this remains unanswered, and all readers have the right to take sides. I, however, based on the characters’ flaws and actions, have found the true answer, the solution to this proposition. The real monster in Frankenstein is Victor, and if anyone is to be destroyed it should be him, not his creation which we call â€Å"monster†. In the world of dead people coming back to life, the appropriate reaction to such things is something readers do not often think about. For example, when the monster enters a hovel of an old man, before meeting the cottagers, his appearance sets the man on a run, a negative reaction. Shelley writes, â€Å"... perceiving me, shrieked loudly, and, quitting the hut, ran†¦ his flight, somewhat surprised me,† (89). This is one of the earliest human characteristics he observes, and it has one of the biggest impacts. Now, speaking specifically about Victor’s reaction, it gets slightly more complicated. Victor Frankenstein is the creator of the monster and should, morally speaking, take responsibility and care for it. But instead, he does the exact opposite, leaving it to die and not breathing a word of it to anyone at all. This attitude shows only one of the flaws in Victor, who happens to be the realShow MoreRelatedFrankenstein as a Gothic Novel Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesTragic wanderers, ominous atmosphere, symbolism, and themes: these are elements of a Gothic novel. Though Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, written in the early 19th century, certainly contains many components of a Gothic novel, can it be correctly grouped under that genre? A definition of a Gothic novel; according to Tracy, is a description of a fallen world. 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This includes failure to support the child financially and emotionally, as well as failure to develop a relationship with his or her child. Sadly, parental abandonment leaves a child with doubt and uncertainty about the future. Throughout his or her life, this particular child could suffer from lasting questions of self-worth. In the opposite direction, the child couldRead MorePersonal Influences In Frankenstein892 Words   |  4 Pagesnovelist who was famous for her work of Frankenstein. The idea of Frankenstein was written based on a dream of an anonymous person creating a new man with human body parts. It was published on January 1, 1818, it illustrates most of her background on the main character Victor, Frankenstein.The book is consisted of characters feelings and complexity. Mary wrote it at the age of nineteen, influenced by the radical movement and her parents. The work of Frankenstein is gothic that is based on science fictionRead MoreFrankenstein : Emotionally Bound By Mary Shelley1745 Words   |  7 PagesVictor Frankenstein: Emotionally Bound The creation of life is an extraordinary event which humanity usually attributes to the work of a higher being. Because of this common belief, Mary Shelley’s: Frankenstein: The Modern Prometheus often triggers mixed feelings when human Victor Frankenstein experiments and creates the creature known as Frankenstein or Frankenstein’s monster. While it cannot be denied that this accomplishment is impressive, Victor’s right to form life, being a mortal himselfRead MoreFrankenstein1237 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Literature: Frankenstein Essay Frankenstein is a gothic horror novel that was written by Mary Shelly and was published in 1818, when gothic aesthetic, romanticism and science were beginning to spike in western culture. The novel follows the story of Victor Frankenstein in creating a monster which causes destruction around him, as Victor had ambition and thirst to reveal the secrets of nature. The novel could be viewed as a warning to the readers and audience about having a greed for knowledgeRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. 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In â€Å"Traveling through the Dark,† I looked past the author’s universal message and sought meaning in the enjambments, imagery, and metaphors. I employed the form of the explication beautiful ly and my reading of the poem was thoroughRead MoreThe Romantic Movement Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1934 Words   |  8 Pagesdid I solicit thee From darkness to promote me?† (Important Quotes Explained). With Frankenstein being written in the early 19th century, the Romantic movement, being as popular as ever, was clearly evident in Shelley’s writings. Shelley’s mom, an active feminist, died during childbirth, leaving Mary to grow up with a radical political philosopher and novelist, William Godwin, as her father. Victor Frankenstein, the main character, has a strong desire for the pursuit of knowledge, which he eventually

Analysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem, Mother And Son

The Splintered Staircase Life sometimes hits below the belt, life is not always easy. As Langston Hughes states in â€Å"mother and son life is not a crystal stair. With his brilliant writing, Hughes conveys to the reader to never giving up just because something is not easy (Langston2). In the poem â€Å"Mother to Son† by Langston Hughes. It seems that Langston Hughes wants the readers to understand that yeah life may be hard, but you have to get through it. One cannot give up just because things are not going their way. The mother explains how she has also endured difficult times, but she pushed through it and came out the other side a stronger and better person. She also lets her son know that sometimes a person has to go into the darkness to find the light within them self. The mother tells her son â€Å"So boy, don’t you turn back. Don’t you set down on the steps, Cause you finds it’s kinder hard.†(Langston 14-16). She gives a very important life lesson which is he sh ould not let the cruelness of this wicked world slow him down. If a person wants something in life they should go after it no if, ands or buts about it. It appears that Langston Hughes message in the poem is to be optimistic when dealing with hard times and how the struggles of everyday life should not prevent you from accomplishing more in life. The line Life for me ain t been no crystal stair. (Langston 2) was stated in the start and the conclusion of the poem. It makes it clear to the reader that the mother hasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mother To Son By Langston Hughes768 Words   |  4 PagesLanguage Arts ï ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Ã¯ ¿ ½Grade:ï ¿ ½ Six    Standard:ï ¿ ½ #3:ï ¿ ½ Literary Response and Analysis    Key Concept:ï ¿ ½ Students respond to tone and meaning that are conveyed in poetry through word choice, figurative language, line length, punctuation, rhythm, alliteration, and rhyme.    Generalization:ï ¿ ½ Students respond to poetic language in Mother to Son by Langston Hughes.    Background:ï ¿ ½ Students have been working on a poetry unit and have been studying how the elements of poetryRead MorePoem Analysis : Langston Hughes Poem1258 Words   |  6 Pages Research Paper and Poem Analysis: Langston Hughes Poem Analysis: Langston Hughes’ poem â€Å"Mother To Son† is a twenty line poem that seems to be from the perspective of a prudent mother that is giving her son, and possibly the readers, some helpful and supportive advice, telling them that, no matter how many adversities they may face, they can not give up. I believe that this is the main theme of the poem, perseverance. â€Å"So, boy, don’t you turn back./ Don’t you set down on the steps./ ‘Cause youRead MoreJames Langston Hughes And Countee Cullen934 Words   |  4 Pages James Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen were prominent poets. These poets were at the time of the Harlem Renaissance during the 20th century. Hughes and Cullen wrote for others to understand the stories of African-Americans living in the United State. These men had differences in their writing, but one mutual objective. James Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri on February 1, 1902. Hughes began writing poetry when he lived in Lincoln, Illinois. The Weary Blues was his first book of poetryRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings And Still I Rise By Maya Angelou1517 Words   |  7 PagesPoems of Color The poems â€Å" I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† and â€Å"Still I Rise† by Maya Angelou are both poems that speak on the issues of the mistreatment of African Americans, and how these challenges were created simply by the color of one’s skin and overcome. While the poems â€Å"Mother To Son† and â€Å" Dreams† by Langston Hughes refer to the hopes of African Americans for a better standard of living, and the consequences of departing from these dreams of bettering themselves. This comparison ofRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Gwendolyn Brooks s The Bean Eaters 1907 Words   |  8 Pagesincreasingly polemical declarations of black pride and African cultural nationalism. Biographical Information Born in Topeka, Kansas, Brooks was raised in the poor South Side section of Chicago with her parents; her mother abandoned teaching for marriage and motherhood, and her father, the son of a runaway slave who fought in the Civil War, gave up his ambition to attend medical school to work as a janitor. Out of the loving security of her home, Brooks experienced racial prejudice early in grade schoolRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagesand John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Children’s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature Definitions 31 The Ancient World [ancient Rome; 50 BCE to 500 CE] 31 The Middle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th CenturyRead MoreTEFL Assignment Answers23344 Words   |  94 Pagesbackground. My degrees are in Rhetoric Intercultural Communication---and Speech Communication. Human Communication and Rhetorical Studies are my specialty; so to speak. Module 1.5 describes CLT as a method that â€Å"emphasizes the language learner s ability to communicate functions, such as making requests, accepting offers, describing, and expressing preferences. This approach stresses learning language through task assignment and problem solving and is less concerned with accuracy than with fluency†

SMEs in Oman Lending Requirements and Poor Management

Question: Discuss about theSMEs in Oman: Lending Requirements and Poor Management. Answer: Introduction The Oman SMEs are important drivers of the economy. However, the Oman SMEs face challenges in acquiring adequate funds. Oman face such challenges as need for collateral, conditional lending requirements and poor management of cash follow and ability to make scheduled repayment. Nevertheless, Oman SMEs have a range of sources to acquire funds including government support through Sanad Programmme, funds created by the government through MoCI (SMEs Development Fund) and Sharakah Fund for Development of Oman youth projects. Oman SMEs have also benefited from Esthmar Venture Capital and long term loans through Oman Arab Bank via Tomouhi Programme and Intilaaqah Enterprise Fund (IEF). The Oman government has created Oman SMEs Development Fund to fund the SMEs in Oman. Evaluation of Various Sources of Finance Available For Oman SME's Government Assistance in General without Naming any Specific Fund The Sanad Programmme within the Ministry of Manpower (MoM) was established by the government in 2001 to offer financial support to the SMEs during their formative years. Sanad assists SMEs through soft loans, besides mentorship and helping with government services. The programme gives loans at favorable interest rate of 2% thanks to government subsidies thereby reducing the borrowing cost as well as risk for SMEs. The Sanads SMEs approved applicants get their funding via the Oman Development Bank. The government has created funds through MoCI in April 2012 by establishing SME Development Fund managed by National Company for Projects and Management (NCPM). Sharakah Fund for Development of Youth Projects has also worked in handy with MoCI and Sanad established in 1988 by royal decree thereby helping youths to undertake their business ideas. Via the collaboration between the Director General of the SMEs the United States Small Business Administration and the MEPI, the LGP provides eighty percent guarantees for SMES loans up to $650,000 with the rate of interest ranging from 3.4- to 4.3 percent. Venture Capital with Specific Oman Venture Capital Company (Ethmar) is being seed funded by Al Raffd Fund. The funding of a target capital of RO 10 million. The board of directors represented by shareholders have been mandated to manage the funds. Esthmar has invested in equity of high growth potential private sector start-ups SMEs. It has only cultivated a culture of innovation, promoted new ideas, provided a platform for expanding regionally as well as eventually stimulated the creation of jobs in Oman. It has targeted opportunities in the SMEs sector in Oman. The fund has preferred such sectors as oil and gas, agribusiness, retail, tourism and information technology. Ethmar has invested in early stage companies which exhibit a clear path to growth as well as profitability and with competitive advantage alongside those that can compete locally, regionally and even internationally with a minimum requirement for investment of RO 100,000 and a maximum of 10% of the paid up capital of Ethmar that is RO 1 million. Ethmars promoted had invested the application of various SMEs in 2015 and considered them for potential funding. Three promoters were selected for funding including Najah Salim al Abdulsalam (communicate-hearing assessment, diagnosis, and speech therapy services), Mansoor al Mahrouqi, Ahmed ali Salim al Mahrouqi (Victoria Lake-oil and gas services) as well as Munther al Battash (Ruken Al Pizza-food and beverage company). Long Term Loans The Oman Arab Bank that is owned 51% by the Oman International Development and Investment Company and 49% by Arab Bank has commenced a new programme for the SMEs financing. The programme is called Tomouhi or my ambition. This fund works in partnership with the MoCI and Oman Development Banks loan guarantee programme. Moreover, BankMuscat has financing design particularly for SMEs in Oman and have been additionally joined by many private funds. Intilaaqah Enterprise Fund (IEF) which is a $17 million fund has been designed to stimulate SMEs among Oman youths through the provision of funds, business development services as well as guidance. Oman-based Al Anwar Holding is offering a more traditional private-equity approach to Oman SMEs. It is publicly traded on the Muscat Securities Market. It is a for-profit institution investing in its specialty sectors. The Oman SMEs also get funds from long term loans particularly from the banks. Apart from equity and owners finance, almost eighteen percent of small and medium firms acquire capital from banks and other financial institutions. These institutions give finance to small and medium businesses under specific terms. Unlike equity, banks and other institutional borrowings have got immediate reflections on the cash flow. Credit acquired from banks and other financial institutions are subjected to interests which sometimes become a challenge to small businesses. Even though the interest rate is high most of small and medium size businesses still depend on bank loan for expansion and growth. Angel Investors Angel investors are also noticed to be very important source of capital and finance to small and medium size enterprises in Oman. Angel investors are rich individuals who are always willing to venture into various businesses.[1] They have provided financial support to various small and medium size enterprises in Oman. They enter into various organizations either as partners or as financiers. Angel investors invest largely into the economy by starting various small businesses and financing others as well.[2] Problems and Challenges Asymmetric Information The Small and Medium Enterprises also face a challenge of asymmetric information which complicates the process by which they select among the range of sources available for funding. With the limited information available for the SMEs, there is an increasing difficulty facing SMEs to arrive at the ideal method to choose the best financing alternatives.[3] The information asymmetry thus make the Oman SMEs to embrace the old pecking theory thereby preferring internal financing like cash flows from their business instead of external financing like loan from banks hence limiting their ability to benefit from the economies of scale. Conditional Lending Requirements Oman SMEs financing face challenges related to a range of government entities based on conditional lending. This condition lending requires the beneficiaries of the loans to purchase a given equipment from a particular agent or purchase needed supplies from a pre-determined agents.[4] The practice remains contradictory to the principle of entrepreneurship and more significantly, it prohibits beneficiaries of the loan to run the business in a cost-effective as well as flexible manner as a result of these complications. The SMEs thus do not have the freedom to choose vendors and suppliers locally or abroad. Requirement of Collateral Banks require SMEs to provide collateral as security before being approved for loans. SMEs hence have less access to bank credit compared to large enterprises. Banks in Oman still practice the traditional way of lending SMEs against collateral which makes the SMEs to be underfinanced. The current procedure in the banking sector allows banks to categorize any business loan as either a non-paid loan in case the SMEs fails to service the loan for ninety days. The banks get it easy to take non-payment cases to the court for recovery of the lent amount making thereby inflicting fears on SMEs to seek out for bank loans. This is because these kinds of loans remain backed by valuable collaterals like lands, retirement wages as well as business itself. The ninety day- non-payment periods is harsh to the SMEs and should be extended to the one-eighty days. Banks Hesitant to Lend The IMF and World Bank studies have shown that Oman banking sectors face various challenges from both demand and supply side which confine the extension of its lending to the SMEs. On the supply side, the restricted competition among the banks and a high margin needed from lending to consumers that provide little incentives for banks to give lending to SMEs given the high inherent risk linked to SMEs.[5] Banks in Oman have invested little resources needed in the examination of SMEs credit risk as well as credit evaluation tools. On the demand side, the studies have shown that SMEs present banks with restricted pool of viable projects. There also seems to be a lack of transparency as well as management expertise alongside prevailing poor financial infrastructure which together offer little incentives for banks to extend lending to SMEs in Oman. Poor Management of Cash Flows and Inability to Make Scheduled Loan Repayment Small and Medium Enterprise face challenges in their management of cash flows as well as ability to make scheduled repayment of loans to the banks. These challenges stems from delayed payments SMEs face in dealing with the agencies of government as well as large firms to which deliver services via contractual agreements. The challenge besides other problems linked to the SMEs sector adversely affect the operations of the Oman SMEs. The failure of SMEs to meet the scheduled repayment to the banks results from the fact the even SMEs that have succeeded face various challenges in regards to cash flow. The SMEs sometimes provide services to the government entities as well as large firms that do not honor their timely payment particularly in government payments. Accordingly, the problem translates into cash flow problems for SMEs in Oman and by subsequently adversely affect their scheduled loans repayment to the banks. High Cost of Undertaking Professional Feasibility Studies Oman SMEs also face high cost of conducting professional feasibility studies as well as lack of collateral required to obtain a line of credit. These two challenges have left the Oman Development Bank (ODP) as the primary lender in the Oman SMEs sector. The ODB business model is anchored on low cost of funding (government equity) in collaboration with vast interest rate subsidies employed to the long-term loans it extends.[6] The IMF and World Bank have pointed out that the prevalence low rates of interest from ODB has crowd out the long-run lending to SMEs from the commercial banks. Suggestion for SMES and Financial Institution to Smoothen Financial Flow SMEs play a key role in the development of the Oman economies and there is a need to appreciate the attempts that SMEs make to boost the economy across all sectors. Some of the suggestion include: The government needs to put more emphasis to explore the opportunities presented by the SMEs and grow the economy by a double digit. Accordingly, some of the key suggestion through which the government can intervene is by promoting and helping the SMEs to create efficient business plans which will convince the banks and other financial institutions to fund the SMEs. Maintenance of detailed accounting finance records should also be encouraged so as to avail the required information by the financial institution to show the repayment records of SMEs to help the banks have trust of repayment within the schedule. The government should also ensure that both banks and other financial institutions reduce the currently hiked cost of transactions as well as bureaucratic procedures that discourage the SMEs from considering debt financing.[7] There is also a need to use the government sources for soft loans including the Sharaqah, Sanad and Intalaqah instead of commercial banks. This will stimulate the acquisition of these soft loans by the SMEs that cannot give collateral required by the commercial banks. In so doing, the SMEs will boost their capital base and benefit from the economies of scale hence fastening the Oman economic growth. What the Government has done The government of Oman has already created Oman SMEs Development Fund that directly go to SMEs. This exemplary step has been undertaken to strengthen the SMES industry to boost the SMEs growth from the current beginning growth curve of Oman SMEs sector. The government has also engaged in exclusive SMEs development symposium that took place in Seeh Al Shamikhat, Balm, much has changed in Oman SMEs sector. The government is using these symposium to create an enabling environment for the SMEs as a mechanism to provide employment opportunities for the youth. Conclusion The SMEs in Oman in taking the center stage and they are growing at an escalated rate. The government has taken various steps including the creation of SMEs Development Fund an organized various symposium to create enabling environment for the SMEs growth. SMEs will greatly contribute to the economic growth of the Oman economy and banks and other financial need to avail funds to these enterprises without need for collateral to facilitate this growth.[8] This will in turn lead an increased in the GDP of the Oma which will also benefit the Oman banks and other lending intuitions. References Ashrafi, Rafi, and Muhammad Murtaza. "ICT adoption in SME in an Arab GCC Country Oman." E-strategies for Resource Management Systems: Planning and Implementation (2010): 371-376. Ashrafi, Rafi, and Muhammed Murtaza. "Use and Impact of ICT on SMEs in Oman." Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation 11, no. 3 (2008): 125-138. Magd, Hesham AE, and Mark P. McCoy. "Entrepreneurship in Oman: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Future." Procedia Economics and Finance 15 (2014): 1632-1640. Ongori, Henry, and Stephen O. Migiro. "Information and communication technologies adoption in SMEs: literature review." Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship 2, no. 1 (2010): 93-104. Oni, Emmanuel O., and A. A. Daniya. "Development of small and medium scale enterprises: The role of government and other financial institutions." Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (OMAN Chapter) Vol 1 (2012).